Gidan kwantena gini ne na zamani wanda aka riga aka kera tare da tsarin karfen kwantena a matsayin babban jiki.Duk raka'o'in na'urorin zamani duka raka'a ne na tsari da na sararin samaniya.Suna da tsarin tallafi masu zaman kansu waɗanda basu dogara da waje ba.An raba ciki na kayayyaki zuwa wurare daban-daban bisa ga bukatun aiki.Gidajen kwantena suna da halaye na samar da masana'antu, jigilar kayayyaki masu dacewa, daidaitawa da haɗuwa, da sake amfani da su, kuma an yi amfani da su a duk faɗin duniya.A matsayin daya daga cikin manyan sabbin abubuwan da aka kirkira a tarihin gine-gine a karnin da ya gabata, gidan kwantena na Amurka "Makonnin Kasuwanci" ya jera shi a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan kirkire-kirkire guda 20 da suka fi dacewa su canza salon rayuwar dan Adam a cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin kulawa daga masana'antun kwantena.Kula da aiki da himma.
1 Macro muhalli don haɓaka gidajen kwantena
Yanayin waje na kamfani ya kasu kashi-kashi micro-environment da macro-environment: ƙananan mahalli yana nufin takamaiman yanayi don rayuwa da ci gaban kamfani, wato yanayin masana'antu da yanayin gasar kasuwa wanda ke shafar kai tsaye. ayyukan samarwa da aiki na kamfani., masu amfani da sauran dalilai, tasirin waɗannan abubuwan ya fi ƙayyadaddun, masana'antun kera kwantena sun fi sauƙin fahimta;yanayin macro yana nufin yanayin da samarwa da ayyukan aiki na kamfanoni ke samuwa, ciki har da yanayin siyasa, yanayin shari'a, yanayin tattalin arziki, yanayin zamantakewa da al'adu, yanayin fasaha , Abubuwan muhalli da gaggawa, da dai sauransu Wadannan abubuwa ko da yaushe suna aiki a kan kasuwa da farko, sa'an nan kuma a kaikaice shafi harkokin kasuwanci.Sun fi karfin harkar kasuwanci.Ba abu ne mai sauƙi ga masana'antun kera kwantena su kama shi daidai ba.Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci musamman don nazarin tasirin yanayin macro na yanzu akan ci gaban gidajen kwantena.
1.1 Yanayin Siyasa
Haɗin kai na duniya yana haɓaka babban daidaita tsarin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa da ƙasa, yana ƙara hanzarta sake tsarawa da kwararar abubuwan da ake samarwa a duniya, sannan fitar da masana'antun masana'antu zuwa kasashen waje da canja wurin masana'antu na samar da muhimmiyar damammaki ga ci gaban tattalin arzikin ƙasata.taka muhimmiyar rawa.A cikin Rahoton Ayyukan Gwamnati na 2008, "Haɓaka gyare-gyaren tattalin arziki, canza yanayin ci gaba, tabbatar da ikon sarrafa zuba jarurruka na makafi da gine-ginen gine-gine a masana'antu masu yawan amfani da makamashi, da yawan hayaki, da kuma ƙarfin aiki, da kuma ƙara yawan damar shiga da kuma yawan kudaden aikin ga masana'antun da suka dace. hana ci gaba.”Abubuwan da ke cikin "yana nuna jagorancin ci gaba don samarwa da ayyukan aiki na kamfani.A matsayin babban kayan fasaha, babban kayan da aka kara da kayan kwalliyar kwantena, gidajen kwantena suna ba da dama mai amfani ga masana'antar kwantena don daidaita tsarin samfura, haɓaka ƙarfin aiki, kafa tushe mai ƙarfi don ci gaba na dogon lokaci, da samun ci gaba mai dorewa.
1.2 Yanayin doka
1.2.1 Abubuwan ceton makamashi
Tun lokacin da rikicin makamashin duniya ya faru a shekara ta 1973, kasashe sun sanya aikin kiyaye makamashi a matsayin abin da ya fi mayar da hankali kan aikin kiyaye makamashi, kuma cikin nasara sun tsara da aiwatar da jerin ka'idoji da ka'idoji na kiyaye makamashi.
Gwamnatin Amurka ta fitar da "Dokokin Kiyaye Makamashi a Sabbin Tsarin Gine-gine" a cikin Disamba 1977, kuma ta tsara "Dokar Kare Makamashi ta Kasa" don aiwatar da mafi ƙarancin ingancin makamashi don gine-gine da kayan aikin gida.Waɗannan ƙa'idodin an ci gaba da bita kuma sun zama masu ƙarfi.Bugu da kari, a yankuna masu ci gaban tattalin arziki irin su California da New York, ka'idojin ingancin samar da makamashi sun fi na gwamnatin tarayya tsauri.
Ayyukan Makamashi na Umarnin Gine-gine (EPBD) ya zama takardar doka ta Tarayyar Turai a cikin Janairu 2003 kuma ita ce mafi mahimmancin daftarin manufofin tsarin gina makamashi a cikin Tarayyar Turai.Tun lokacin da EPBD ya fara aiki, ƙasashe membobin EU sun ƙirƙira ko haɓaka ƙa'idodin ceton makamashi bisa ga buƙatun EPBD kuma tare da takamaiman yanayinsu.Sannan adana makamashi da 25% ~ 30%;�Jamus ta aiwatar da sabbin ka'idoji na ceton makamashi na gini a cikin Afrilu 2006. Wannan ƙa'idar ta yi bayani dalla-dalla game da buƙatun aiwatar da EPBD a kowane fanni, kuma ta ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin buƙatun amfani da makamashi don ƙirar ƙirar gine-gine daban-daban.
Tun daga 1980s, ƙasata ta ci gaba da ƙaddamar da manufofin ceton makamashi da gina ka'idojin ceton makamashi, kamar JGJ26-1995 "Ka'idodin Tsarin Tsarin Makamashi na Gine-ginen Gine-gine (Gidan Gidajen Dumama)", JGJ134-2001 "Tsarin Ƙarfafa Makamashi na Gidan Gida a cikin Wuraren bazara mai zafi da sanyi”.Ka'idojin Zane", JGJ75-2003 "Ka'idojin Tsare-tsare don Kula da Makamashi na Gine-ginen Gida a cikin Yanayin zafi mai zafi da dumin sanyi", GB50189-2005 "Ka'idojin Tsara don Kula da Makamashi na Gine-ginen Jama'a" da dai sauransu;tsarin.
1.2.2 Abubuwan aminci na lantarki
Tsaron lantarki ba wai kawai yana da alaƙa da amincin mutum ba, har ma yana da alaƙa da amincin gine-gine, kayan lantarki da sauran dukiya da aikin yau da kullun na na'urorin lantarki.Kasashen da suka ci gaba da yawa sun ba da muhimmanci ga al'amurran tsaro na lantarki tare da tsara ka'idojin kariya na lantarki na musamman."Dokokin Lantarki" da "Ƙarar Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki" na Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai, da dai sauransu. Wadannan ka'idojin kariya na lantarki sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare lafiyar mutum da hana gobarar lantarki.
"Lambar Lantarki ta Ƙasa" ta Amurka ta ƙunshi ƙa'idodin aminci na lantarki "mai-daidaita mutane".Ya bayyana sarai a shafinsa na farko cewa: “Manufar wannan ƙa’idar ita ce a ba da kariya ga mutane da dukiyoyi, da kuma guje wa haɗarin da amfani da wutar lantarki ke haifarwa.”Dangane da sabbin fasahohi da buƙatun masana'antu, Ƙungiyar Kare Wuta ta {asa ta {asar Amirka, ta sake yin bita ga Lantarki ta {asa, duk bayan shekaru uku, ta yadda wannan takarda mafi mahimmanci a fannin lafiyar lantarki a {asar Amirka, yana da tsauraran dokoki da cikakkun bayanai, da tsauraran dokoki. rubutu, da aminci mai ƙarfi.Yin aiki, da kuma kula da yanayin ci gaba na ƙa'idodi da ƙayyadaddun bayanai daga farkon zuwa ƙarshe, jin daɗin babban suna a duniya.
Saboda dalilai na tarihi, ƙaddamar da ƙa'idodin aminci na lantarki na ƙasata yana nufin ma'auni na tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet "Dokokin Shigar Wutar Lantarki", wanda kawai ya jaddada kariyar kayan aiki kuma ba shi da ra'ayi na "mai son jama'a"., Wasu tanade-tanade suna da matsaloli irin su shubuha, sabani, da wahalar aiwatarwa, kuma tsarin sake fasalin ya daɗe, wanda baya biyan buƙatun ci gaban zamantakewa da tattalin arziƙin yanzu.Don haka, idan aka kwatanta da kasashen da suka ci gaba, har yanzu akwai babban gibi a cikin ka'idojin kare wutar lantarki na kasata.
1.3 Yanayin tattalin arziki
A cikin lokacin rikicin tattalin arziki na duniya, tattalin arzikin duniya yana sake daidaitawa a cikin farashi mai sauƙi mai sauri, amfani da duniya da sararin kasuwancin duniya yana da iyakacin iyaka, kuma gasar kasuwa ta fi girma;Kasashen da suka ci gaba sun sake jaddada samar da kayayyaki, masana'antu da fitar da kayayyaki, kuma tsarin bunkasar tattalin arziki ya koma "sake masana'antu" , ba wai kawai rage darajar kasuwannin kasashen da suka ci gaba ba, har ma na iya yin gogayya da kasashe masu tasowa don kasuwa.Sabanin sake daidaita tattalin arzikin duniya ya haifar da kariyar ciniki mai tsanani, kuma fage, fage da abubuwan da ke haifar da rikice-rikicen kasuwanci sun yi yawa, suna haifar da babban kalubale ga ci gaban kasuwancin duniya a nan gaba.Idan aka fuskanci irin wannan yanayi na tattalin arziki, ya kamata kamfanonin kera kwantena na kasata su daidaita dabarun kasuwancinsu a kan lokaci, su fadada sabbin kasuwannin fitar da kayayyaki, da kuma guje wa cunkoson kasuwannin fitar da kayayyaki;sannu a hankali ya canza daga dabarun gasa mai rahusa zuwa dabarun gasa daban, da kuma mai da hankali kan bincike mai zaman kansa da ci gaba da kirkire-kirkire, haɓaka babban gasa, da haɓaka ci gaba mai dorewa na kamfanoni.
1.4 Yanayin zamantakewa da al'adu
1.4.1 Canje-canjen salon rayuwa
Tare da saurin bunƙasa kimiyya da fasaha, salon rayuwar mutane ya sami sauye-sauye masu zurfi, wanda ya haifar da sabon tunani game da nasu sararin samaniya.Bukatun mutane na gidaje ba su da iyaka ga matsuguni daga iska da ruwan sama, kuma sabbin buƙatu kamar ta'aziyya, kariyar muhalli, ceton makamashi, da ilimin halittu suna ci gaba da fitowa.An ba da shawarar cewa tsarin gine-gine guda ɗaya na gargajiya ba zai iya biyan bukatun mutum ɗaya ba, kuma gidajen kwantena sabon ra'ayi ne, kamar ɗakunan ɗaliban kwantena a Amsterdam, Netherlands, otal ɗin tattalin arzikin kwantena a London, Ingila, da biranen kwantena a cikin tashar jirgin ruwa. yankin, da kuma Naples, Italiya.Kantin sayar da hannun jari na Puma, gidan kayan gargajiya na makiyaya a Tokyo, Japan, da sauransu.
1.4.2 Tasirin Tsarin Alƙaluma
Matsalolin yawan jama'a a duniya na kara tsananta, sakamakon karuwar yawan jama'a a kasashe masu tasowa da kuma tsufa a kasashen da suka ci gaba.Masu amfani da shekaru daban-daban suna da bambance-bambance a bayyane a cikin buƙatun amfani da halaye.Ga matasa da tsofaffi masu fama da matsanancin yanayin tattalin arziki, abin da ake amfani da gidaje dole ne ya zama gidaje mai araha.Halayen rarrabawar gidaje masu masana'antu na Amurka waɗanda aka haɓaka daga RVs da shekarun masu amfani sun kwatanta wannan gaskiyar: Gidajen masana'antu na Amurka galibi sun fi mayar da hankali ne a cikin yankunan kudancin da ke da koma bayan tattalin arziki, kuma yawancin masu siye sune ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarancin kuɗi, galibi matasa da tsofaffi .A matsayin wani nau'i na gidaje masu masana'antu, gidajen kwantena suna da kyakkyawan ra'ayi na ci gaba a tsakanin ƙungiyoyi masu karamin karfi, musamman matasa da tsofaffi.
1.5 Yanayin fasaha
Yanayin fasaha yana nufin matakin fasaha, ƙarfin fasaha, manufofin fasaha da ci gaban fasaha a cikin yanayin zamantakewar da kamfani yake.Yanayin fasaha na gidajen kwantena ya haɗa da kimiyyar gine-gine da fasaha da fasaha masu goyan baya da suka shafi jigilar kwantena.Matsakanin su ya ƙunshi fasahar zamani na gidajen kwantena bisa tsarin kimiyya da fasaha.
Ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha na zamani, musamman hanyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta da fasahar sadarwa, ya sa aka yi amfani da dimbin kayan aikin zamani da nasarorin da aka samu a kan gine-gine, kuma ana samun kulawa sosai da bincike;manyan matsaloli biyu na duniya, ƙarancin albarkatu da lalata muhalli, haɓaka Tare da haɓaka gine-gine a cikin alkiblar kare muhalli, ceton makamashi, da sake amfani da albarkatun.Lokacin da masana'antun gidan kwantena suka haɓaka samfuran gidan kwantena, ba dole ba ne kawai su mai da hankali kan fasahar sufurin kwantena, amma kuma su bi matakan fasaha da ci gaban masana'antar gine-gine, su kula da aikace-aikacen sabbin fasahohin gini, sabbin kayayyaki, da sababbi. tafiyar matakai, ta yadda bunkasuwar gidajen kwantena za su ci gaba da tafiya tare da gina gidajen kwantena.Takin canjin lokuta.
1.6 Abubuwan muhalli
A halin yanzu, al'ummar ɗan adam na fuskantar ƙalubale masu tsanani na ƙarancin makamashi da lalata muhalli.Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, gine-gine na cinye kusan kashi 50% na albarkatun kasa a duniya, sharar gine-gine ya kai kashi 40 cikin 100 na sharar da ayyukan dan Adam ke samarwa, da gurbacewar iska, da gurbacewar haske, da gurbacewar lantarki da ke da alaka da gine-gine na da kashi 34% na yawan muhalli. gurbacewa.A matsayin mafi mahimmancin samfur na wayewar ɗan adam, gine-gine ya zama mara dorewa a cikin tsarin ci gaban al'ada.Don bincika tsarin ci gaba mai dorewa na gine-gine, bin hanyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, albarkatu da muhalli, da cimma daidaito tsakanin mutum da yanayi ya zama buƙatu na gaggawa na gine-gine don haɓaka masana'antu.A shekarar 1993, wata majalisun 1893 na Kungiyar Masu Arziki na Arch Archeed "sanarwar" makomar a cikin Helitocin-Gina da Ginin mai dorewa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tasirin dan Adam a kan muhallin halitta."Al'amura suna taka muhimmiyar rawa;ƙira daidai da ka'idodin ci gaba mai dorewa yana buƙatar cikakken la'akari da albarkatu da ingantaccen makamashi, tasiri kan lafiya, da zaɓin kayan aiki. "Gidajen kwantena sun ƙunshi ra'ayoyin sake amfani da albarkatu, kiyaye makamashi da kare muhalli, kuma ɗayan hanyoyin da za a iya tabbatar da ci gaban gine-gine.
1.7 Gaggawa
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, bala'o'in da girgizar kasa ke haifarwa, fashewar aman wuta da matsanancin matsanancin yanayi sun karu sosai.Bayan girgizar kasar, da zarar an lalata gidaje masu yawa, wadanda abin ya shafa za su yi gudun hijira.Gidajen kwantena suna da halayen gidajen sake matsuguni na zamani.An samu nasarori da dama a gida da waje wajen magance matsalolin rayuwa na wadanda abin ya shafa.Za a ƙara samun buƙatun gidajen kwantena a matsayin gidajen sake tsugunar da girgizar ƙasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-23-2022