East Prefabricated House Manufacture (Shandong) Co., Ltd.

Tarihin gidajen da aka riga aka tsara

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ost-Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu Kafaffen Gidajen Aluminum da Karfe da Mahimmancinsu A Yau

1. Fage

A farkon yakin duniya na biyu (WW II), ikon mallakar gida na Amurka ya ragu zuwa kasa da kashi 43.6 cikin dari a shekarar 1940, sakamakon babban mawuyacin hali da kuma raunin tattalin arzikin Amurka a sakamakonsa.A lokacin WW II, Hukumar Samar da Yaki ta ba da odar kiyayewa L-41 akan 9 ga Afrilu 1942, tare da sanya dukkan gine-gine a ƙarƙashin kulawa mai ƙarfi.Umurnin ya sa ya zama dole ga magina su sami izini daga Hukumar Samar da Yaki don fara farashi fiye da wasu ƙofofin gini a cikin kowane ci gaba na tsawon watanni 12.Don ginin mazaunin, wannan iyaka shine $ 500, tare da mafi girman iyaka don kasuwanci da aikin gona.Tasirin waɗannan abubuwan akan ginin mazaunin Amurka tsakanin 1921 da 1945 ya bayyana a cikin ginshiƙi mai zuwa, wanda ke nuna raguwar raguwar lokacin Babban Balaguro da kuma bayan an ba da odar L-41.

KIMANIN-GININ-GININ-GININ-1921-1945

 

Source: "Gina a cikin Yakin Shekaru - 1942-45,"
Ma'aikatar Kwadago ta Amurka, Bulletin No. 915

A ƙarshen WW II, Amurka tana da kimanin sojoji miliyan 7.6 a ketare.Hukumar Samar da Yaki ta soke L-41 a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1945, watanni biyar bayan VE (Nasara a Turai) ranar 8 ga Mayu 1945 da makonni shida bayan WW II ya ƙare lokacin da Japan ta mika wuya a kan 2 Satumba 1945. A cikin watanni biyar tun daga ranar VE. , kusan sojoji miliyan uku sun riga sun koma Amurka.Bayan kawo karshen yakin, Amurka ta fuskanci sake dawowar wasu miliyoyi da dama.Da yawa a cikin wannan babbar ƙungiyar tsofaffi za su nemi siyan gidaje a kasuwannin gidaje waɗanda ba a shirya su ba.A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na shekara guda bayan soke odar L-41, adadin kuɗin gidaje masu zaman kansu ya karu sau biyar a kowane wata.Wannan shine farkon haɓakar gidaje bayan yaƙi a Amurka.

A cikin Maris 1946Shahararren Kimiyyatalifi mai jigo “Stopgap Housing,” marubucin Hartley Howe, ya ce, “Ko da a yanzu ana gina gidaje na dindindin 1,200,000 a kowace shekara – kuma Amurka ba ta taɓa gina ko da 1,000,000 a cikin shekara ɗaya ba – zai kasance shekaru 10 kafin gabaɗayan. al'umma tana da gida mai kyau.Don haka, gidaje na wucin gadi ya zama wajibi don dakatar da wannan gibin."Don ba da agajin gaggawa, gwamnatin tarayya ta samar da dubban bukkokin Quonset na yaƙi don gidajen farar hula na wucin gadi.

Da yake fuskantar wani ƙalubale na daban a cikin lokacin bayan yaƙi, yawancin masana'antu na lokacin yaƙi sun yanke ko soke kwangilolinsu da samar da masana'anta.Tare da raguwar samar da sojoji, masana'antar jiragen sama na Amurka sun nemi wasu damammaki don yin amfani da ƙwarewar ƙirar aluminum, ƙarfe da robobi a cikin tattalin arzikin bayan yaƙi.

2. Bayan-WW II prefab aluminum da karfe gidaje a Amurka

A cikin fitowar 2 Satumba 1946 naLabaran Jiragen Samamujallar, akwai wata kasida mai suna “Masana'antar Jiragen Sama Zata Yi Gidajen Aluminum Ga Tsohon Sojoji,” wanda ya ruwaito kamar haka:

  • "Ana sa ran nan ba da jimawa ba masana'antun jiragen sama biyu da rabi za su shiga cikin shirin gwamnati na gina gidaje."
  • "Kamfanonin jiragen sama za su mayar da hankali kan FHA (Hukumar Gidajen Tarayya) da aka amince da su a cikin aluminum da haɗin gwiwa tare da plywood da insulation, yayin da sauran kamfanoni za su gina gine-gine a cikin karfe da sauran kayan.Za a samar da kayayyaki ga masana'antun. "
  • “Kusan duk fakitin aluminium na rarar yaƙi an yi amfani da shi don yin rufi da siding a cikin ayyukan ginin gaggawa;kusan babu wanda ya rage don shirin riga-kafi.Hukumar Samar da Farar hula ta samu daga ƙayyadaddun FHA don takardar aluminium da sauran kayan da za a kera, mai yuwuwa ƙarƙashin fifiko.Yawancin takardar aluminum don prefabs za su kasance 12 zuwa 20 ma'auni - .019 - .051 inch."

A watan Oktobar 1946.Labaran Jiragen SamaMujallar ta ba da rahoton cewa, “Yaƙin da aka yi barazanar kan aluminum don gidaje, na jiragen sama da kuma ɗimbin kayayyakin bayan yaƙi a 1947 Hukumar Kula da Gidaje ta Ƙasa ba ta ɗauke shi da muhimmanci ba, wanda ke tattaunawa da kamfanonin jiragen sama don gina gidajen da aka riga aka kera na aluminum panel a cikin shekara-shekara kamar yadda ya kai girman. . Fitowar gidaje a 1947, idan sun kusa saduwa da shawarwarin NHA, zai fi samar da jiragen sama da suke samarwa, wanda yanzu an kiyasta bai kai dala biliyan 1 na 1946 ba.”

A ƙarshen 1946, FHA Administrator, Wilson Wyatt, ya ba da shawarar cewa Hukumar Kula da Kaddarorin Yaki (WAA), wacce aka ƙirƙira a cikin Janairu 1946 don zubar da rarar kadarori da kayan mallakar gwamnati, ta hana rarar masana'antar jirgin sama daga haya ko siyarwa da ba da jirgin sama. masana'antun sun fi son samun rarar masana'antar lokacin yaƙi waɗanda za a iya canza su don yawan samar da gidaje.WA ya amince.

A ƙarƙashin shirin gwamnati, da masana'antun gidan da aka riga aka tsara za su sami kariya ta kuɗi tare da lamunin FHA don biyan kashi 90% na farashi, gami da alƙawarin da Kamfanin Kuɗi na Sake Gina (RFC) na siyan duk gidajen da ba a sayar da su ba.

Yawancin masana'antun jiragen sama sun gudanar da tattaunawar farko tare da FHA, ciki har da: Douglas, McDonnell, Martin, Bell, Fairchild, Curtis-Wright, Consolidated-Vultee, Arewacin Amirka, Goodyear da Ryan.Boeing bai shiga waɗannan tattaunawar ba kuma Douglas, McDonnell da Ryan sun fita da wuri.A ƙarshe, yawancin masana'antun jiragen sama ba su yarda su ba da kansu ga shirin gidaje na farko na baya-bayan nan ba, musamman saboda damuwarsu game da tarwatsa kayan aikin masana'antar jirgin sama da suke da su bisa la'akari da ƙididdige darajar kasuwa da rashin tabbas na girman da tsawon lokacin kasuwar gidaje na prefab da rashin takamaiman kwangila. shawarwari daga FHA da NHA.

Asalin kasuwanci na asali na gidajen da aka ƙera aluminium da ƙarfe na baya-bayan nan shi ne cewa ana iya yin su cikin sauri da yawa kuma a sayar da su cikin riba a farashin da bai kai gidajen da aka gina katako ba.Bugu da ƙari, kamfanonin kera jiragen sama sun dawo da wasu adadin aikin da suka ɓace bayan WW II ya ƙare kuma an kare su daga yawancin haɗarin kuɗi a cikin masana'antar kera gidaje.

Ba abin mamaki ba ne, ’yan kwangilar gine-gine da ƙungiyoyin masana’antu sun yi adawa da wannan shirin na samar da gidaje da aka kera a masana’antu da yawa, tun da hakan zai kawar da kasuwanci daga masana’antar gine-gine.A cikin birane da yawa ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi ba za su ƙyale membobinsu su sanya kayan da aka riga aka kera ba.Abubuwan da ke dada dagula al'amura, ka'idojin gine-gine na gida da ka'idojin yanki ba lallai ba ne su dace da shirin tura manyan gidaje da aka kera da su.

Kyakkyawar bege na masana'antu da kafa manyan lambobi na prefabricated aluminum da karfe gidaje a bayan-WW II USA ba a taba samuwa.Maimakon kera dubban ɗaruruwan gidaje a kowace shekara, masana'antun Amurka biyar masu zuwa sun samar da jimlar ƙasa da sabbin gidaje 2,600 na aluminium da ƙarfe a cikin shekaru goma da suka biyo bayan WW II: Beech Aircraft, Lincoln Houses Corp., Consolidated-Vultee, Lustron Corp. da Kamfanin Aluminum na Amurka (Alcoa).Sabanin haka, masana'antun da ke ba da ƙarin gidaje na al'ada sun samar da jimillar raka'a 37,200 a cikin 1946 da 37,400 a 1947. Buƙatar kasuwa ta kasance a can, amma ba na aluminium da gidajen da aka riga aka kera ba.

US post-WW II prefabricated aluminum da karfe gidaje

Waɗannan masana'antun na Amurka ba su taka muhimmiyar rawa ba wajen taimakawa wajen warware matsalar ƙarancin gidaje bayan WW II.Duk da haka, waɗannan gidajen aluminium da na ƙarfe har yanzu suna tsaye a matsayin mahimman misalan gidaje masu araha waɗanda, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, ana iya samarwa da yawa ko da a yau don taimakawa wajen magance ƙarancin ƙarancin gidaje masu araha a yawancin birane da kewayen birni a cikin Amurka.

Wasu daga cikin buƙatun gidaje na Amurka bayan WW II sun cika tare da tazarar tsayawa, gidaje na wucin gadi ta amfani da sake fasalin, rarar bukkokin Quonset na yaƙi, barikin soja, rukunin gidaje na ɗan lokaci mai haske, rukunin matsuguni, tireloli, da “Gidajen da za a iya cirewa. ,” waɗanda aka ƙera don a tarwatsa su, a motsa su kuma a sake su a duk inda ake buƙata.Kuna iya karanta ƙarin game da bayan-WW II tazarar gidaje a cikin Amurka a cikin labarin Hartley Howe na Maris 1946 a cikin Kimiyyar Kimiyya (duba hanyar haɗin da ke ƙasa).

Masana'antar gine-gine ta haɓaka cikin sauri bayan WW II don taimakawa biyan buƙatun gidaje tare da ginannen gidaje na yau da kullun, tare da gina da yawa a cikin manyan filaye na gidaje a cikin saurin faɗaɗa yankunan kewayen birni.Tsakanin 1945 zuwa 1952, Gwamnatin Tsohon Sojoji ta ba da rahoton cewa ta tallafawa kusan lamunin gida miliyan 24 ga tsoffin sojojin WW II.Waɗannan tsoffin sojojin sun taimaka haɓaka mallakar gida na Amurka daga 43.6% a cikin 1940 zuwa 62% a cikin 1960.

An sake dawo da gidajen aluminium da ƙarfe guda biyu na bayan WW II na Amurka kuma suna kan baje kolin jama'a a cikin gidajen tarihi masu zuwa:

Bugu da ƙari, za ku iya ziyarci bukkoki na WW II Quonset da yawa a Gidan Tarihi na Seabees da Memorial Park a Arewacin Kingstown, Rhode Island.Babu wanda ya keɓe kamar gidan farar hula bayan WW II.Gidan gidan kayan gargajiya yana nan:https://www.seabeesmuseum.com

Za ku sami ƙarin bayani a cikin kasidu na kan takamaiman ƙayyadaddun kayan aluminium da gidajen ƙarfe na Amurka bayan WW II a waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa:

3. Bayan-WW II prefab aluminum da karfe gidaje a Birtaniya

A karshen WW II a Turai (VE Day is 8 May 1945), Birtaniya ta fuskanci matsanancin karancin gidaje yayin da sojojinsu suka koma gida zuwa kasar da ta yi asarar gidaje kusan 450,000 a lokacin yaki.

A ranar 26 ga Maris 1944, Winston Churchill ya yi wani muhimmin jawabi yana mai alkawarin cewa Burtaniya za ta kera gidaje 500,000 da aka kera don magance matsalar karancin gidaje da ke tafe.Daga baya a cikin shekarar, Majalisar ta zartar da Dokar Gidaje (Gidajen Wuta na wucin gadi), 1944, tana cajin ma'aikatar sake ginawa tare da samar da mafita ga ƙarancin gidaje da ke gabatowa tare da isar da raka'a 300,000 a cikin shekaru 10, tare da kasafin kuɗi na £ 150 miliyan.

Dokar ta ba da dabaru da dama, ciki har da gina gidaje na wucin gadi, da aka riga aka keɓance tare da shirin rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 10.Shirin Gidaje na wucin gadi (THP) an san shi a hukumance da shirin gidaje na Ma'aikata na gaggawa (EFM).Ma'auni na gama gari waɗanda Ma'aikatar Ayyuka (MoW) suka haɓaka suna buƙatar duk rukunin da aka riga aka keɓance na EFM suna da wasu halaye, gami da:

  • Mafi ƙarancin fili na ƙafar murabba'in 635 (59m2)
  • Matsakaicin faɗin samfuran da aka riga aka keɓance na ƙafa 7.5 (2.3 m) don ba da damar sufuri ta hanya a cikin ƙasar.
  • Aiwatar da manufar MoW na “rashin sabis,” wanda ya sanya ɗakin dafa abinci da gidan wanka baya-baya don sauƙaƙe aikin famfo da layukan lantarki da sauƙaƙe kera naúrar.
  • Fentin masana'anta, tare da "magnolia" (rawaya-fari) azaman launi na farko da kore mai sheki azaman launi mai datsa.

A cikin 1944, Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta Burtaniya ta gudanar da baje kolin jama'a a Tate Gallery da ke Landan na gidaje na wucin gadi guda biyar da aka kera.

  • Bungalow na asali na Portal duk-karfe samfurin bungalow
  • AIROH (Kungiyar Binciken Masana'antu ta Jirgin sama akan Gidaje) bungalow na aluminum, wanda aka yi daga kayan rarar jirgin sama.
  • Bungalow mai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe na Arcon tare da sassan kankare na asbestos.An daidaita wannan deign daga samfurin Portal duk-karfe.
  • Zane-zanen katako guda biyu da aka ƙera, Tarran da Uni-Seco

An sake gudanar da wannan shahararren nunin a cikin 1945 a Landan.

Matsalolin sarkar kaya sun jinkirta fara shirin na EFM.An yi watsi da Portal na duk-karfe a cikin Agusta 1945 saboda ƙarancin ƙarfe.A tsakiyar 1946, ƙarancin itace ya shafi sauran masana'antun da aka riga aka yi.Dukansu gidajen AIROH da na Arcon na farko sun fuskanci masana'anta da ba zato ba tsammani da hauhawar farashin gini, wanda hakan ya sa waɗannan bungalow na wucin gadi suka fi tsadar ginawa fiye da ginin katako da gidajen bulo.

Ƙarƙashin Shirin Bayar da Lamuni da aka sanar a cikin Fabrairu 1945, Amurka ta amince ta ba wa Burtaniya bungalows da aka gina a Amurka, da katako wanda aka fi sani da UK 100. Tayin farko na raka'a 30,000, wanda daga baya aka rage zuwa 8,000.Wannan yarjejeniya ta Lend-Lease ta zo ƙarshe a watan Agusta 1945 yayin da Burtaniya ta fara haɓaka samar da nata na gidaje da aka keɓance.Farkon farko da Amurka ta gina na Burtaniya 100 ya isa a ƙarshen Mayu/farkon Yuni 1945.

Shirin sake gina gidaje na Burtaniya bayan yakin ya yi nasara sosai, inda ya ba da sabbin gidaje kusan miliyan 1.2 tsakanin 1945 zuwa 1951. A wannan lokacin na sake gina gidaje 156,623 na wucin gadi na kowane nau'i an ba da su a karkashin shirin EFM, wanda ya ƙare a 1949, yana samar da gidaje kimanin mutane miliyan daya.Fiye da 92,800 daga cikin waɗannan su ne aluminum na wucin gadi da bungalow na ƙarfe.Bungalow na aluminum na AIROH shine mafi mashahuri samfurin EFM, sannan kuma bungalow na karfe na Arcon sannan kuma Uni-Seco na itace.Bugu da kari, fiye da 48,000 na dindindin aluminium da gidajen da aka riga aka kera na karfe AW Hawksley da BISF ne suka gina a wannan lokacin.

Idan aka kwatanta da ƙaramin adadin aluminium bayan yaƙin da aka gina a cikin Amurka, samar da aluminium da kariyar ƙarfe a Burtaniya ya yi nasara sosai.

A cikin labarin 25 ga Yuni 2018 a cikin Jaridar Maraice na Manchester, marubuci Chris Osuh ya ruwaito cewa, "Ana tunanin cewa tsakanin 6 ko 7,000 na prefabs na gaba-gaba sun kasance a Burtaniya…. bayan WW II prefab gidan wuraren a cikin Burtaniya a hanyar haɗin da ke biyowa:https://www.prefabmuseum.uk/content/history/map

Prefab-Museum-taswira-850x1024

 Hoton hoton taswirar mu'amala ta Gidan Tarihi na Prefab (ba tare da abubuwan da aka riga aka tsara a Shetlands ba, waɗanda ke saman wannan hoton hoton).

 

A cikin Burtaniya, matsayin Grade II yana nufin cewa tsari yana da mahimmanci na ƙasa kuma yana da sha'awa ta musamman.Kadan kaxan prefabs na wucin gadi na wucin gadi ne kawai aka ba su matsayin matsayin Grade II da aka jera kaddarorin:

  • A cikin wani katafaren bungalow na karfe na Phoenix wanda aka gina a cikin 1945 akan Wake Green Road, Moseley, Birmingham, 16 daga cikin gidaje 17 an ba su matsayin Grade II a cikin 1998.
  • Bungalows guda shida na Uni-Seco da aka gina a cikin 1945 - 46 a cikin Excalibur Estate, Lewisham, London an ba su matsayi na II a cikin 2009. A lokacin, Excalibur Estates suna da mafi girman adadin WW II prefabs a Burtaniya: 187 duka, na iri da yawa.

Ana adana abubuwan share fage na wucin gadi da yawa bayan yaƙi a gidajen tarihi a Burtaniya kuma ana samun su don ziyarta.

Ina tsammanin Gidan Tarihi na Prefab shine mafi kyawun tushe don bayanai akan abubuwan da suka gabata na Burtaniya bayan WW II.Lokacin da aka ƙirƙira shi a cikin Maris 2014 ta hanyar Elisabeth Blanchet (marubucin litattafai da labarai da yawa akan prefabs na Burtaniya) da Jane Hearn, Gidan Tarihi na Prefab yana da gidansa a cikin wani sarari prefab a kan Excalibur Estate a kudancin London.Bayan gobara a watan Oktoban 2014, gidan kayan tarihi na zahiri ya rufe amma ya ci gaba da aikinsa na tattarawa da yin rikodin abubuwan tunawa, hotuna da abubuwan tunawa, waɗanda aka gabatar akan layi ta gidan yanar gizon Prefab Museum a mahaɗin mai zuwa:https://www.prefabmuseum.uk

Za ku sami ƙarin bayani a cikin labaran na kan takamaiman ƙayyadaddun kayan aluminium da gidajen ƙarfe na Burtaniya bayan WW II a waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa:

4. Bayan-WW II prefab aluminum da karfe gidaje a Faransa

A karshen yakin duniya na biyu, Faransa, kamar Burtaniya, tana da matsanancin karancin gidaje saboda yawan gidaje da gidaje da suka lalace ko kuma suka lalace a shekarun yaki, da rashin sabon gine-gine a wannan lokacin, da karancin kayan aiki don tallafawa sababbi. gini bayan yakin.

Don taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙa wasu ƙarancin gidaje a cikin 1945, Ministan Gina Gine-gine da Birane na Faransa, Jean Monnet, ya sayi gidaje 8,000 na Burtaniya 100 waɗanda Burtaniya ta samu daga Amurka ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar Lamuni.An gina waɗannan a Hauts de France (kusa da Belgium), Normandy da Brittany, inda mutane da yawa har yanzu ana amfani da su.

Ma'aikatar Sake Ginawa da Tsare-tsare Garuruwa ta tanadi buƙatu na gidaje na wucin gadi ga mutanen da yaƙi ya raba da muhallansu.Daga cikin mafita na farko da aka nema akwai gidajen da aka riga aka kera masu auna mita 6 x 6 (19.6 x 19.6 ƙafa);daga baya an ƙaru zuwa mita 6 × 9 (19.6 x 29.5 ƙafa).

Kimanin gidaje 154,000 na wucin gadi (Faransa da ake kira a lokacin "baraques"), a cikin kayayyaki daban-daban, an gina su a Faransa a cikin shekarun bayan yakin, musamman a arewa maso yammacin Faransa daga Dunkirk zuwa Saint-Nazaire.An shigo da da yawa daga Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, Austria da Kanada.

Babban mai ba da goyon baya ga masana'antar aluminium na cikin gida na Faransa da masana'antar ƙarfe shine Jean Prouvé, wanda ya ba da sabon bayani don "gidan da za a iya cirewa," wanda za'a iya gina shi cikin sauƙi kuma daga baya "a kwance" kuma ya koma wani wuri idan an buƙata.Ƙarfe mai kama da "firam ɗin portal" shine tsarin ɗaukar kaya na gidan, tare da rufin da aka saba yi da aluminum, da kuma bangarori na waje da aka yi da itace, aluminum ko kayan hade.Yawancin waɗannan an kera su a cikin girman girman da Ma'aikatar Sake Gina ta nema.A lokacin ziyarar Prouvé's Maxéville bitar a 1949, Eugène Claudius-Petit, sannan Ministan Sake Ginawa da Birane, ya bayyana aniyarsa ta ƙarfafa samar da masana'antu na "sababbin gidaje (wanda aka riga aka tsara) na tattalin arziki."

A yau, da yawa daga cikin Prouvé's demountable aluminum da karfe gidajen ana kiyaye su ta hanyar gine-gine da masu tara kayan fasaha Patrick Seguin (Galerie Patrick Seguin) da Éric Touchaleaume (Galerie 54 da la Friche l'Escalette).Goma na Gidajen Ma'auni na Prouvé da huɗu daga cikin gidajensa irin na Maison coques da aka gina tsakanin 1949 - 1952 gidaje ne a cikin ƙaramin ci gaban da aka sani daCité"Sans souci, "a cikin unguwannin Paris na Muedon.

Gidan zama na sirri na Prouvé na 1954 da taron bitarsa ​​da aka koma 1946 a buɗe suke ga baƙi daga ƙarshen ƙarshen watan Yuni zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen Satumba a Nancy, Faransa.Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy yana da ɗayan manyan tarin abubuwan jama'a da Prouvé ya yi.

Marubuciya Elisabeth Blanchet ta ba da rahoton cewa gidan kayan gargajiya “Mémoire de Soye ya yi nasarar sake gina 'baraques' daban-daban guda uku: na Burtaniya 100, na Faransa da na Kanada.An gyara su da kayan daki daga yakin da kuma nan take bayan yakin.Mémoire de Soye shine kawai gidan kayan gargajiya a Faransa inda zaku iya ziyartar abubuwan da aka riga aka shirya bayan yaƙi."Gidan kayan gargajiya yana cikin Lorient, Brittany.Gidan yanar gizon su (a cikin Faransanci) yana nan:http://www.soye.org

Za ku sami ƙarin bayani kan Faransanci bayan WW II da aka riga aka kera aluminium da gidajen ƙarfe a cikin labarina akan gidajen da ba za a iya cirewa na Jean Prouvé a hanyar haɗin yanar gizo mai zuwa:https://gkzaeb.a2cdn1.secureserver.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Jean-Prouvé-demountable-houses-converted.pdf

5. A qarshe

A cikin Amurka, yawan samar da aluminium da gidajen ƙarfe da aka riga aka keɓance bayan yaƙin bai taɓa samuwa ba.Lustron shine babban masana'anta mai gidaje 2,498.A cikin Burtaniya, an gina fiye da 92,800 da aka riga aka tsara na aluminum da bungalow na ƙarfe a matsayin wani ɓangare na bunƙasar ginin bayan yaƙi wanda ya ba da jimillar gidaje 156,623 na wucin gadi na kowane iri tsakanin 1945 da 1949, lokacin da shirin ya ƙare.A Faransa, an gina ɗaruruwan gidaje da aka kera na aluminum da na ƙarfe bayan WW II, tare da amfani da da yawa da farko a matsayin gidaje na wucin gadi ga mutanen da yaƙi ya raba.Dama don yawan samar da irin waɗannan gidaje ba su ci gaba ba a Faransa.

Rashin nasara a Amurka ya taso ne daga abubuwa da yawa, ciki har da:

  • Babban tsadar gaba don kafa layin samar da jama'a don gidaje da aka keɓance, har ma a cikin babban masana'anta na rarar yaƙi wanda ke samuwa ga masana'antun gida bisa kyawawan sharuddan kuɗi.
  • Sarkar kayan da ba ta da girma don tallafawa masana'antar kera gida (watau ana buƙatar masu kaya daban-daban fiye da na tsohuwar masana'antar jirgin sama).
  • Tallace-tallace mara inganci, rarrabawa da kayan aikin bayarwa ga gidajen da aka kera.
  • Daban-daban, ƙa'idodin gine-gine na gida da ba a shirya ba da ƙa'idodin yanki sun tsaya a kan hanyar zama da kafa daidaitattun ƙira, gidajen da ba na al'ada ba.
  • Hamayya daga kungiyoyin gine-gine da ma'aikatan da ba sa son rasa aiki ga gidajen da masana'anta ke samarwa.
  • Mai ƙira ɗaya kawai, Lustron, ya samar da gidajen da aka riga aka shirya a adadi mai yawa kuma mai yuwuwar cin gajiyar tattalin arzikin samar da yawa.Sauran masana'antun sun samar da ƙananan ƙima ta yadda ba za su iya yin sauye-sauye daga masana'anta zuwa samar da yawa ba.
  • Farashin masana'anta ya ragu ko kawar da fa'idar farashin farko da aka annabta don ƙirar aluminium da gidajen ƙarfe, har ma da Lustron.Ba za su iya yin gogayya akan farashi da kwatankwacin gidajen da aka gina na al'ada ba.
  • A shari'ar Lustron, zargin cin hanci da rashawa na kamfanoni ya sa Kamfanin Kudi na Reconstruction Finance Corporation ya yi watsi da lamunin Lustron, wanda ya tilasta wa kamfanin shiga cikin fatara da wuri.

Daga waɗannan darussan bayan WW II da aka koya, kuma tare da sabunta sha'awar "kananan gidaje", da alama ya kamata a sami shari'ar kasuwanci don masana'anta na zamani, mai ƙima, mai wayo don samar da ƙarancin farashi na samar da gidaje masu ɗorewa na ƙera. daga aluminum, karfe, da/ko wasu kayan.Waɗannan gidajen da aka riga aka keɓance za su iya zama masu girman ƙanƙan da kai, na zamani, kyakkyawa, ingantaccen makamashi (wanda aka tabbatar da LEED), kuma ana iya daidaita su zuwa digiri yayin da ake mutunta ƙira ta asali.Ya kamata a tsara waɗannan gidaje don samarwa da kuma zama a kan ƙananan kuri'a a cikin birane da yankunan karkara.Na yi imanin cewa akwai babbar kasuwa a Amurka don irin wannan gidaje masu rahusa, musamman a matsayin hanyar magance ƙarancin gidaje masu araha a yawancin birane da kewayen birni.Koyaya, har yanzu akwai manyan cikas da za a shawo kan su, musamman ma inda ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago na masana'antar gini ke iya tsayawa kan hanya kuma, a California, inda babu wanda zai so ƙaramin gidan da aka riga aka keɓance shi kusa da McMansion.

Kuna iya saukar da kwafin pdf na wannan post, ba tare da ɗayan labaran ba, a nan:

https://gkzaeb.a2cdn1.secureserver.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Post-WW-II-aluminum-steel-prefab-houses-converted.pdf
6. Don ƙarin bayani

Rikicin gidaje na Amurka bayan WW II da gidajen da aka riga aka kera:

rikicin gidaje na Burtaniya bayan WW II da gidan da aka riga aka kera:

Rikicin gidaje na Faransa bayan WW II da gidajen da aka riga aka kera:

Lokacin aikawa: Dec-12-2022
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